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Product description
Active substance:
Misoprostol
Pharmacological group:
Prostaglandins (biologically active substances)
Mechanism of action of Cytolog (Misoprostol):
Cytolog (Misoprostol) mimics the effects of prostaglandin E1 but is not a naturally occurring steroid. The chemical irritates the stomach lining and relaxes the uterine smooth muscles. This medication may help prevent cells from being damaged. Specifically, it stimulates the gastrointestinal mucosa to produce more mucus and NaHCO3. As a result of hitting the parietal layer of the stomach mucosa squarely.
Misoprostol causes the cervix to enlarge and increase in tone by stimulating contractions of the smooth muscles of the myometrium. This makes it easier and more effective for the contents of the uterus to be expelled, resulting in an abortion.
Pharmacokinetic properties:
Misoprostol is immediately absorbed after being taken. The medication has a solid protein-bound concentration in plasma (85%). Misoprostolic acid has a role in the drug’s metabolism in the liver and the intestinal lining.
After 30–40 minutes, the substance’s maximum concentration will remain constant. Afterward, the kidneys get rid of 80-85% of the drug, and the bile secretes the remaining 15-20% of Misoprostol. Estimates put the half-life at anything between 20 and 40 minutes. The elimination half-life of medicine is increased by a factor of two in the presence of renal diseases.
Indications for Cytolog:
Cytolog (Misoprostol) is used to prevent the development of peptic ulcer (gastric ulcer), which develops against the background of long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to treat acute gastric ulcers and/or duodenal ulcers. Misoprostol is prescribed in cases of increased risk of ulceration.
Cytolog is used to terminate pregnancies in the early stages (up to 77 days) combined with Mifeprex.
Contraindications:
- Diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, and liver associated with prostaglandin dependence;
- Individual intolerance;
- Glaucoma;
- Bronchial asthma;
- Endocrinopathies (diabetes mellitus, adrenal dysfunction, etc.);
- Hormone-dependent neoplasms;
- Anemia;
- Lactation and breastfeeding;
- Enteritis.
Children and adolescents under 18 years of age are prohibited from taking Misoprostol. In addition, when dehydrating the body, the drug should be taken with extreme caution.
Side effects
Abdominal discomfort, excessive gas production (flatulence), dyspepsia (nausea and vomiting), and stool problems are all possible GI complications (constipation, diarrhea). Reproductive system complications include menstrual cycle disturbances, abnormal uterine bleeding, and uncomfortable feelings in the lower abdomen caused by an active contraction of the central muscular layer of the uterus.
Misoprostol may cause adverse responses, including rash, swelling, itching, etc. The drug’s use in women also carries the risk of various side effects, including a change in body weight (both down and up), asthenia, weakness, and weariness. Women beyond menopause have sometimes been reported to have convulsive contractions.
Features of interaction with other drugs
When used together, NSAIDs and Misoprostol might cause peripheral edema and elevated transaminases (ALT, AST). Diazepam, Antipyrine, Diclofenac, Aspirin, Piroxicam, Indomethacin, and Naproxen showed no clinical signs of interaction. Misoprostol usage elevates the blood level of Propranolol marginally.